Management of Thoracolumbar Fracture Without Neurologic Deficit

Abstract

Thoracolumbar fractures represent one of the most common spinal injuries and frequently occur at the thoracolumbar junction due to the transition between the rigid thoracic spine and the more mobile lumbar spine. Management of thoracolumbar fractures without neurologic deficit remains controversial, particularly regarding the choice between conservative and operative treatment. Several factors including fracture stability, degree of vertebral body collapse, kyphotic deformity, and patient-related characteristics influence treatment decisions. Recent advances in spinal instrumentation and minimally invasive techniques have expanded surgical options, while conservative management remains effective in selected stable fractures.