Role of Nanofat Graft in Deep Dermal Acute Burn

Abstract

A burn scar is defined as fibrous tissue that supplants normal skin subsequent to deep or full-thickness burns. These burn scars frequently result in considerable cosmetic disfigurement, contributing to substantial emotional distress, social difficulties, and behavioral disturbances. Across the historical continuum, burn scars have posed a significant therapeutic challenge, with most available treatment options proving inadequate in achieving satisfactory outcomes. The imperative for innovative techniques that offer more effective and enduring results continues to be a central obstacle in the management of burn scars Current therapeutic approaches for burn scars encompass intralesional administration of corticosteroids, 5-fluorouracil, or bleomycin, as well as the application of silicone sheets, laser therapies, and surgical interventions. These modalities demonstrate variable efficacy and are associated with notable limitations, including elevated recurrence rates, alterations in skin pigmentation, cutaneous atrophy, and significant pain. Fat harvested from the body contains a diverse array of cellular constituents. Adipocytes account for approximately 30% to 70% of the total cellular population within the harvested fat. Additional components include extracellular matrix elements, endothelial cells, mural cells, fibroblasts, adipose-derived stem cells, and various blood cells. Collectively, these cells contribute to the surrounding stromal environment, which supports adipose tissue regeneration and facilitates neovascularization. Aim: The aim of this review article was to assess the role of Nanofat graft in deep dermal acute burn.