Stability Analysis for Grain Yield and Its Quality Traits of some Rice Cultivars under Six Environments

Abstract

Multi-environment trials (METs) are essential in plant breeding programs to estimate crop productivity and adaptability in various environments. The present study was carried out at rice research farm Sakha Agricultural Station – Kafrelsheikh – Egypt, during the two seasons, 2022 and 2023 under three sowing dates, April 20^th, May 10^th and May30^th. The rice cultivars were Sakha 106, Sakha 107 and Sakha 109 . A split – plot design in a randomized complete block design with three replications was used in both seasons. Combined analysis of variance showed highly significant mean squares for the varieties (v), environments (E) and their interaction (V x E) for all studies traits. The environments revealed that highest values by E₂ followed by E₅ for hulling, head rice %, GT and elongation. Meanwhile the highest values for the studied characters were recorded with Sakha-106 and Sakha-109 for hulling, milling%, head rice % and GT.

Conclusively: The rice cultivars Sakha-107 and sakha-109 recorded the positive values and lower than 1 of b_i it mean that these cultivars suitable for poor environments while, Sakha-106 gave high value of bi more than 1 it mean that these genotype is suitable for cultivation in favorable environments for Milling%, traits. The results provide a foundation for targeted breeding programs aimed at optimizing rice productivity by focusing on genotypes that consistently perform well across various growing conditions, considering both stability and adaptability.