Ultrasound-Guided Supraclavicular Brachial Plexus Blocks: A Review Article

Abstract

Back ground: The brachial plexus provides somatic motor and sensory innervations to the upper limb including the scapular region. Brachial plexus block is used to provide anesthesia and analgesia to the upper limb from the shoulder to the fingertips.
The purpose of this review article: It is highlighting on the anatomy of brachial plexus, ultrasound anatomical structures that are seen from the supraclavicular approach, indications, contraindications, preoperative evaluation and preparation, equipment, technique, the commonly used local anesthetics, the commonly used adjuvant, advantages, disadvantages and complications of US-guided supra-clavicular brachial plexus block.
In conclusion: Brachial plexus block can provide significant intra and postoperative pain relief in upper limb surgical procedures compared to general anesthesia alone. The use of ultrasound guidance has not only allowed for a reduction in complications due to incorrect needle placement, but also avoidance of other complications and improved overall block efficacy, especially in patients with anatomical variations.