Vitamin D Deficiency in Childhood Asthma

Abstract

Asthma is a common chronic respiratory disorder in children with significant morbidity and mortality. Increasing evidence suggests that vitamin D, beyond its classical skeletal functions, plays an important role in immune regulation and airway homeostasis. Vitamin D deficiency has been associated with impaired lung function, frequent exacerbations, and greater asthma severity in pediatric populations. Proposed mechanisms include modulation of T-cell responses, enhancement of regulatory T-cell activity, reduction of airway inflammation, and improved corticosteroid sensitivity. Nevertheless, existing studies report conflicting results, and the causal relationship remains uncertain. This review examines current evidence regarding the effect of vitamin D deficiency on childhood asthma severity, highlights potential immunological pathways, and identifies gaps for future interventional research aimed at optimizing asthma control and reducing disease burden in children.