Lacrimal Gland and Radiotherapy

Abstract

The lacrimal gland plays a crucial role in maintaining ocular surface integrity by secreting the aqueous layer of the tear film. Radiation therapy (RT) targeting intracranial, sinonasal, or orbital tumors often leads to incidental irradiation of the lacrimal glands. This exposure can result in reduced tear secretion, tear film instability, and the development of dry eye syndrome (DES), which significantly impairs patient quality of life. Several clinical-dosimetric studies have reported a dose–response relationship between lacrimal gland radiation dose and the incidence or severity of ocular toxicity. As advanced techniques such as intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) and volumetric-modulated arc therapy (VMAT) become widely applied, reducing lacrimal gland dose while ensuring adequate tumor coverage has become a clinical priority.