An overview on Laparoscopic Pyelolithotomy

Abstract

Laparoscopic pyelolithotomy is a minimally invasive surgical procedure used to remove large or complex renal calculi (kidney stones) located within the renal pelvis, particularly when other treatment options such as extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL). The technique involves accessing the kidney through small abdominal incisions using laparoscopic instruments, allowing for direct visualization and precise removal of stones. It is especially beneficial in cases of large staghorn calculi, anatomical abnormalities (e.g., ureteropelvic junction obstruction), or coexisting renal pathologies requiring surgical correction. Compared to open surgery, laparoscopic pyelolithotomy offers several advantages, including reduced postoperative pain, shorter hospital stay, faster recovery, and better cosmetic outcomes. Although it is less commonly performed than PCNL, it remains a valuable option in carefully selected patients. The use of robot-assisted laparoscopic pyelolithotomy is also emerging as an alternative, particularly in centers with advanced surgical expertise, offering enhanced dexterity and precision.