Optimized Operation of Energy Sharing in Microgrids with Shared Energy Storage Based on Nash-Harsanyi Game Theory

Abstract

Promoting the integration of renewable energy sources is greatly aided by energy storage. However, challenges like high investment costs and low equipment utilization have hindered its further development. The emergence of shared energy storage effectively alleviates these issues. This study investigates the cooperative operation between shared energy storage and multiple microgrids, incorporating coordination of power dispatch by a third-party operator. Firstly, a profit model for multi-agent cooperative operation involving shared energy storage system, clusters of microgrids, and a third-party operator is established. Then, considering the risk preferences of each entity and integrating indicators such as alliance contribution, renewable energy output rate, renewable energy integration rate, the alliance's profit distribution model is developed by introducing the Nash-Harsanyi game theory. Simulation results confirm that the cooperative operation of many microgrids and a shared energy storage system promotes the local microgrid to employ renewable energy while reducing the cost of electricity costs, resulting in increased benefits for all involved entities.